Management & Leadership Essay Example for Free

Management Leadership Essay The way the world now developed through the industrial revolution from the twentieth century has a great background with many driving factor involved. The scheme that is cost-effective and has a good impact on social welfare of society, and those living in the society, is considerably dependent on the effective and resourceful piece of organizations of all kinds, which depends on satisfactory or excellent management and leadership potential, and which can be learnt and extended, would be acknowledged by many. This is the reason different government and government agencies nationally or internationally, organization of all kinds, investing in their own development, behaves as the basis of this belief that they make considerable investment in management and leadership training, development and education. There was a report in November 2006, Yahoo manager Brad Garlinghouse issued memo that directly challenge the senior management. He accused the Yahoo’s leadership lacking strategic direction. Their competitor Google had beaten Yahoo in terms of revenue, advertisement and the share price fallen nearly a third since the start of the year. He suggested to have a change in their strategy. Off course it is very difficult to change the strategy for any organization but to survive in the competent world a change should be made when needed. It was Mr. Garlinghouse great management and leadership skill that he diagnosed the problem and gives his organization a direction to move. Apart from what he observed and analyzed, the main part is that he made a decision to apply the change. He might have adopted different style for management as well as leadership, according to the organizational structure of Yahoo, and would be aware of what impact would be coming in applying the decisions. It would have been Autocratic or Paternalistic or it might be the Democratic one but what actually he identified was the lack in the management and leadership directions. Waka International is a multinational organization making FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) all over the world and for the last few years making its way up but not with a pace with which it has to moving over with good management and leader but still the HR management asked junior researcher to compile a report on how the managers can lead their team using different styles of management and leadership and how these styles going to impact on the strategic decision, and this is what good organization do to look what changes they need or things that can be adopted like Yahoo manager Brad Galinghouse did. There is a good saying by someone that there is one thing constant and it is â€Å"change† and researchers have made efforts to put forward some suggestion what style we should adopt in different work situation within a team in Waka International to meet the challenges on different stages. Management is been described as the process of setting objectives and making most efficient use of financial, human and physical resources to achieve these objectives, in which main task include planning, organizing, controlling and coordinating. The resources may include the organizational assets which may be people, machinery, raw materials, information, skills and financial capital to measure the organizational performance i.e. how efficiently and effectively management use these resources to satisfy customers and to briefly explore or examine management and in this report will be looking on the management theories of two recent writers. First researcher tried to sketch the attempt of Peter Drucker for his work to describe and comment upon what managers do and he identifies three tasks: Satisfying the goals or mission of the organization. Enabling the worker to achieve and focus on productivity. Managing social responsibilities. He suggested in simplified manner that managers are required to set objectives; organize; motivate and communicate; measure and develop people. Secondly to mention the influential work on management of Henry Mintzberg in which he details his observations of what managers actually did. He examine that managers were not found to spend most of their time planning, organizing, coordinating, commanding and controlling and suggested ten roles managers often attempt logically in the pursuit of their objectives and divided these roles in three stages as building relationship with the employees, yielding the quality information and finally the allocation of decision making, objective and resources to the employees. On the other hand leadership can be suggested as, the part of management to drive the organization to achieve its goals by utilizing potential influence with group efforts. Leadership in the organizational role involves establishing and sharing a vision, providing information, knowledge and methods to realize that vision so others can follow willingly. If we link management and leadership we can say that leadership is an essential part of effective management, which emphasis upon the building an environment in which everyone has the opportunity to develop and excel skills. This link between management and leadership shows that managers must have traits of a leader. While learning about leadership researcher describes two types of leadership which are Direct Leadership Indirect Leadership. Direct leadership is something about imposing orders to your followers and maybe enforcing them to accept you as a leader, where followers used to see the leader regularly face-to-face. Or it can be said that the leaders who are able to get to know those they are working with and influence them on an interpersonal basis are direct leaders. While those having thousands of followers without possessing the role of leadership is the indirect leadership. It may also be believed that the indirect leadership has to do with influencing others and making them your followers indirectly by inspiring the followers through your character, charisma etc. Leadership is not about ruling people like subjects and taking it for granted; it’s about presenting yourself as someone who people think should be followed for guidance. It’s about winning the minds and hearts of people. If we like to differentiate between management and leadership we can come up with the idea that Managers perform roles in organizations and hold a specific, formal title and fulfill a role well Leaders aim to influence and guide others into pursuing particular objectives or ideas of the future and to motivate them into wanting to follow. In Waka International the management has the best quality leadership hence the reason, management asked their junior staff for such an important part to look on it, since the organization is willing to move up and each management is leading its team in a good way, with a good pace as well, in a better management and leadership style. Leadership style is the way in which the functions of leadership are carries out, the way in which the manager typically behaves towards members of the group. Different leaders have different behavior which might produce different effects, so researchers began studies on successful leaders and began to develop different styles of leadership. Also how to become a good leader one should be aware of his leadership style. There are many theories on leadership styles; these are summarized into three dimensional theories which describe different leadership styles: The concept in this style is of leader and followers, where leaders have got all the high power, authority and control; they make the decisions in a one way communication and direct their followers with minimal participation of followers. All the planning and thinking is done by the leader and the team’s role is to follow the orders and motivation to the followers only comes from the leader’s status, charisma, expertise and power to reward and punish. An example of authoritarian styles is John F. Kennedy and one of the many things that John F. Kennedy is remembered for is his vision concerning the United States’ space program. On September 12, 1962, while speaking at Rice University, President Kennedy said: We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win He then went on to talk about metal alloys that had not yet been invented that are capable of standing heat and stresses several times more than have ever been experienced. He had a vision of sending a man to the moon and back safely. He even explained how it was going to be accomplished. John F. Kennedy was exhibiting an authoritative leadership style that mobilized the resources of an entire nation towards this single goal. When we are talking about democratic leadership, it does not refer to a leader who holds political office or background, such as senator or parliamentarian. It talks about a leadership style that exhibits democratic characteristics. This idea of leadership involves running a business on the basis on the majority of decisions i.e. leader encourage the involvement of employees to take part in decision. Many of the great organizational leaders did use this style, Bill Gates is well known for his democratic management style at Microsoft. He actively involved employees in key management and strategic decisions. He was always interacted with the employees of Microsoft and customer and devoted his time for them by staying in contact via e-mail. In the democratic leadership style, we see a balance in the decision-making process. Employees or followers are allowed to participate in the decisions their opinion counts just as much as the leaders. Now this might sound like the optimal way to lead but every ways got some pros and cons in it. In this type of leadership managers observes that employees are working well on their own and consciously make a decision to pass to the member to allow them freedom of action and not to interfere and is always available to help in need. The leader may also set some example but nobody has to follow it if they want to. They leader don’t try to motivate their subordinate or it can be said that motivation only comes from the fact that the individuals are free to do what they likes and no one has to waste time explaining their actions. This leadership style may work with individual people like academics and artists who need to be free on work in their own way, and don’t like teamwork, they would like to like what they want, and not ask for guidance or permission. Researchers suggested that a specific leadership style cannot be constraint to a particular situation rather any styles can be adopted at any situations. Researchers also suggested that the autocratic style may be suitable when large numbers of un-skilled employees are involved and when quick decisions are a matter of life and death and have to be made quickly. Motivation is just a name which comes out from the personality of the leader that is the reason followers struggle to please or satisfy the leaders. So this style may be adopted when there is a need of urgency in Waka International and when a particular objective is achieved a different style can be implemented, and this is what management is all about, â€Å"the change†. Since in the democratic style, employees or followers have an equal say in the decision-making process, they are more dedicated to the desired outcome. The collaborative environment created by this style often results in more comprehensive solutions to problems. If Waka International is looking for better and long term result democratic style would be a better choice as most of the renowned company focus on the democratic style so it would be valuable for long term objectives and goals. Laissez-faire type of leader may inspire or motivate people or plan ideas but do not make any efforts to ensure that the team follows it. This kind of leadership can only work with academics or artists, who don’t like team work and emphasis to work freely. So many researchers don’t suggest adopting this style of leadership and it will not be driving the organization to its objective quickly. But this style is has good result if professional and experienced followers are in the workplace. From the report it can be concluded that management and leadership are two different aspects, but on a broad vision if leadership has not become the part of the management, this may lead to disastrous result. Coping up the resources and not leading in a good direction without an effective leadership may show short-term good result but it would not demonstrate a good impact on the organizational objective or goals and without the right leadership, organizational strategies will remain as ink on paper. Getting the right leadership to implement business strategies takes careful planning and dedicated effort, and often substantial investment. Like the sports coach whose mediocre team never wins a championship, the CEO can’t hope to achieve bold new strategies without giving thought to his leadership team and leadership culture. Too many organizations have become unworried with their existing leadership programs, instead of making certain that they are linking their leadership strategies and development investments with their business strategies and taking full advantage of the learning opportunities that accompany strategic change. With learning and research it can also be concluded that the planning methods are useful in meeting the challenges of any situation and developing leadership skills. Leadership traits can be learnt and developed to meet the strategic needs. This report has the relevance for handling complex situation of the present competitive business world by utilizing leadership skills in making strategic decisions to achieve the stipulated goal. The different styles mentioned earlier can be used depending upon the organizational needs and objectives, to achieve the goals.

Thoughts on the Color, Blue Essay -- Exploratory Papers

Thoughts on the Color, Blue During the time when polytheistic religions were widely practiced in Europe, colors represented ideas associated with the paranormal and the spiritual. In many cases, the color blue represented safety and protection. It was believed that if someone wore or carried something blue, the bearer would be protected from evil spirits. Over time, as patriarchal societies formed, the welfare of the male child took priority over the welfare of the female child. Since male children were more important, parents surrounded their sons with blue objects. This explains the common association of males and the color blue that exists even in modern society. A common practice among new families and couples with children on the way is to decorate the rooms of the infants with either blue or pink, depending on the gender of the child. Though some prefer a more neutral tone such as white or beige, blue or pink baby rooms can still be found. This practice promotes the association of the color to the gender and the gender to the color. When thinking of the color blue and ...

Observation Performed at Atascadero Lake Park

This paper will include observations of interactions between other children that appeared to be in his respective age group as well as children of the opposite sex and In some cases younger and older. Through the use of Piglet's theory of child development and other resources I will compare the child's development as compared to other children In his age range, as well as ascertaining and conveying the parenting style that I observed during this time.Observation of a 3 Year Old Boy Upon arriving at the Decorator Lake Park I positioned myself at a bench close to the play area. This area Included many of the usual types of equipment that one old expect to see at a park that Is frequented by young children. Clearly most of the play equipment was of modern construction and design and It being a beautiful sunny day, the park was full of children of various ages and stages of development.The child I observed primarily was a male approximately three to four years of age and was very active during the time he was at play. He appeared to be at a normal state of development upon my initial observation and this point was only confirmed as I continued to watch Children between the ages of three and four typically walk more rhythmically and re able to easily go from a walk to a run, they Jump and are more able to throw and catch object much more effectively, essentially there gross motor skills advance (Beer).Children in this age range also exhibit improvement with their fine motor skills that allow them to use zippers and eating utensils much more effectively (Beer). The young boy I was observing displayed an excellent ability to climb and run, his balance and depth perception seemed to be very appropriate for this age range. There were many other children of various different ages and sexes at the park as well as the child that I was observing. He seemed especially adept at interacting with many of the other children.Although there were many different toys and pieces of e quipment to play on I also observed several of the children pretending that they were on a ship at sea or performing in the circus, according to Pigged this is part of the operational stage which represents a stage of development that usually occurs Detente ten ages AT two Ana seven (Plague, EYE). One AT ten most villous attributes of this stage is the extraordinary increase in representational, or symbolic, activity (Pigged, 1951). Pigged felt that make believe play was an excellent way for hillier to strengthen newly acquired representational schemes (1951).The child that I was observing seemed to have excellent manual dexterity, he was able to swing from bar to bar on the Jungle gym with ease. He was able to climb up and down the various ladders and chain ropes, crawl through the many openings of the mock tree house that had been provided by the designers of this particular park. One of the longest periods of time he spent on one task was during his time in the sand box. He focus ed a great deal on building what appeared to be a pyramid or some sort of castle.The focus the he exhibited on the end result, I found to be remarkable, however once he had made the decision that it met his expectations he made it a point to not only destroy what he had been painstakingly working on for the better part of forty minutes he also smoothed over the area that he had been working, almost seeming to be concerned that there was no visible evidence remaining. There was a great deal of interaction between the young man and his peers he seemed to have no issue with the sex of the other child, however I did observe at one point that he was holding the hand of a girl who appeared to be around the same GE as he.He appeared to be attempting to persuade her to Join him on the swings. She however was not interested in that particular activity. She actually looked as if she wanted to leave the sandy area of the playground and move onto the grass which would have involved navigating a small step up. When the girl attempted to step up she tripped, causing the boy made a valiant attempt to stop her from falling, to no avail. He was however successful in aiding her to stand back up and helped to bush of the sand. I will say from that point forward the girl was not as eager to hold his and as she clearly felt that was what had caused her to fall.After observing this boy for some time it became clear that he was there with two other children. One a male that was younger than he and the other a female that looked to be approximately four to five years old. In addition after hearing some discussion I was able to ascertain that these children were there with the boys mother and grandmother. Although I did not witness any direct disciplinary steps taken by either of the adult authority figures it was clear that both of the adults were very engaged in what the children were doing.However they allowed the children to lay on the various types of equipment and really only be came involved with specific instructions if it seemed that any of the children were considering leaving the immediate play area. I really felt that the adults were allowing the children to explore and engage in whatever activity they so choose provided it was not an activity that could potential cause harm. In this particular case on this particular day the parental figure was clearly exhibiting the authoritative method of child rearing.According to Beer the authoritative child rearing style is the most successful approach that involves high acceptance and involvement, which includes adaptive control techniques and appropriate autonomy granting (up. 260-261). Although I had only a few opportunities to hear conversations between the adult figure and the child I was serving It was clear Tanat communication was Tree Tooling In ten sense Tanat when the boy expressed what he wanted to do the parent was very responsive to the idea.The youngest of the three children in this group began to have some sort of issue with being unable to navigate the low hanging swing bridge. Subsequently he began to cry which then turned into a fully fledged protest. The boy that I was observing immediately came to his younger peer's assistance. He was able to hold onto the younger child allowing him to make it across and back. This show of empathy which becomes an important part of proboscis and altruistic behavior, according to Beer empathy becomes more common in early childhood and typically preschoolers rely more on words to communicate empathic feelings. (p. 60). In this particular case it was clear that the older boy was in fact talking the younger child through the necessary steps in order to successfully traverse this bridge. This boy seemed especially adept with social interaction and seemed able to move room situation to situation with ease and was comfortable engaging with children of different sexes, ages and points in development. In some instances he seemed to almost make a point to become involved with all of the groups of children. Additionally he appeared to make a point to try to include some other children that were more focused on solitary activities.This I found to be almost deliberate, it seemed that not only was he concerned that a few of the children were playing alone, he persisted in his invitation to Join the other children even when the â€Å"lone wolf† expressed no or very little desire to participate in any group activity. Comparing the child that I was observing to several of the other children that appeared to be in his approximate age range his development seemed to be at least comparable and in some cases further along that the others.With regards to his ability to communicate with the others as well as his ability to move from group to group with a great deal of ease he exhibited an excellent ability to vacillate between appropriate energy levels and vocal volume that would be appropriate to the circumstances to which he wa s about to enter. This displayed to me that the child was experienced with many different types of play or social situations and was able to differentiate each situation without disrupting the other children's focus.This was in clear contrast to several of the other children of the same approximate age that clearly felt it was necessary to make a grand entrance. The amount of time that I spent observing this child's adeptness to navigate through a fairly complicated social playing field displayed how impressive this ability truly was. During the final thirty minutes of my time at the park I really tried to focus on pavement and physical acuity. The boy tended to focus much of his attention on the â€Å"Jungle gym â€Å"equipment.This particular apparatus offered many types of activities, slides, rope swings, monkey bars, which this particular child seemed especially skilled in, also various ladders of different shapes and moving in multiple directions. I can assure you this was no t the park toys of my younger days. The equipment at this park seemed well designed offering the children many different opportunities to discover any hidden acrobatic skills that they may be harboring.All in all this observation made it clear that this young child, this boy of three or four years old, was agile and energetic, had clearly been exposed to many types of social solutions, Ana parents Tanat succeeded to ten autonomy tattle style Ana was developing both physically and cognitively at an appropriate level. In my opinion in many cases he was a bit advanced compared to other children that I observed during my time at Decorator Lake Park. The one thing that impressed me the most was his ability to socialize, to communicate and yet seem to really enjoy his time at the park.

The Pros And Cons Of School Uniforms - 702 Words

School uniforms have been around for decades within many private and parochial schools. In more recent years more and more public schools are implementing their own uniforms hoping to see a change for the good within their schools. Upon researching the effects of these uniforms, it is clear to see that school uniforms are unnecessary concepts that decrease student individuality and do not actually help school attendance or test scores. Prior to taking a strong stance on this controversial topic, it is crucial to understand the background of this concept. According to Pro-Con.org, â€Å"The first recorded use of standardized dress in education may have been in England in 1222, when the Archbishop of Canterbury mandated that students wear†¦show more content†¦In fact studies show that â€Å"uniform policies don’t curb violence or behavioral problems in schools. They don’t cultivate student self-esteem and motivation. They don’t balance the social-status differences that often separate students. And they don’t improve academic achievement.† (Viadero). Despite what schools believe, school uniforms will not end all confrontation between the student, it will only change the reason for it. Discrimination goes much further than just the clothes that a person wears. Many Students are discriminated against due to their skin color, physical appearance, way of thinking, and belief systems. After reviewing studies shown within the article ̈ Uniform Effects? ̈ by Debra Viadero, it is easy to conclude that school uniforms themselves do not make the changes they are credited with. Although the effects on the school itself is an important aspect in deciding the usefulness of school uniforms, it is not the most important (Viadero). The most important aspect of this topic are the students and families who are affected by the uniforms. Many people who are prouniform argue that school uniforms will save families money by eliminating the need to buy expensive name brand clothing so that their child can fit in with their peers. Many people do not consider that a childs life extends further from just school. This means that instead of buying a few outfits that their child canShow MoreRelatedPros and Cons School Uniform1515 Words   |  7 PagesPros and Cons of School Uniforms Trina Warren Liberty University Professor Mink GRST 500/501 June 17, 2013 Abstract The decision for school district to enforce school uniforms has been in existence since the 16th century. School uniforms were originally created for poor children; however, over time, schools saw uniforms as a way to bring students together. There has been debate whether uniforms improve academic success while reducing affiliation of violence. There is opinion and study thatRead MorePros And Cons Of School Uniforms1206 Words   |  5 Pages School uniforms have been around for a long time in k-12th grades along with even some colleges, while most private schools have uniforms, now some public schools are trending toward uniforms as well. There are two sides to this argument, with pros and cons to both. I have interviewed Dale Patnode, Kelly Patnode and Patricia Patnode, they bring a first hand experience with what uniform show and what they do for students. Dale Patnode went to catholic schools throughout his whole life, experiencingRead MorePros And Cons Of School Uniforms1158 Words   |  5 PagesSchool Uniforms: Are Boomers and Stickers Affecting the Way People See Them? People say that school uniforms are a good thing. They prevent bullying, they are easier for parents to dress younger students, and they help students focus on studying, not what they are wearing. Are school administrators or boomers of the American school systems causing students to become Wendys Berrys version of stickers? Having students wear school uniforms have several pros and cons to them, including the costRead MorePros And Cons Of School Uniforms1936 Words   |  8 PagesEnglish 10 CP 27 January 2015 Pros and Cons of School Uniforms In 1994, the school district of Long Beach California was one of the first to enforce school uniforms in the grades Kindergarten through 8th, and crime rates in the district dropped 22% soon after. School attendance also improved after the uniforms were introduced. Although this one statistic shows there are positive outcomes from school uniforms, there is one question that remains: Do school uniforms help or harm the students andRead MorePros And Cons Of School Uniforms712 Words   |  3 PagesAn epidemic among many schools around the United States and around the world is one huge thing. This epidemic among schools is the fact that students have to wear uniforms for their schools. However, some parents and students may disagree with wearing these uniforms. I am one who supports the statement that students should not wear these uniforms for their schools. The next paragraphs will explain the pros and cons of not wearing and wearing school uniforms. I personally think that students shouldn’tRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of School Uniforms2005 Words   |  9 PagesStates is whether or not public school students should be required to wear uniforms. According to Lisa Flam, author of the article, â€Å"Are School Uniforms Helping or Hindering?† on Today.com, â€Å"Nineteen percent of public school principals reported requiring uniforms in the 2009-2010 school year, up from 12 percent a decade earlier, according to TODAY.† Many people are against the idea of allowing students to dress freely, but students not having to wear uniforms has its benefits. Parents wouldRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Uniforms In Schools845 Words   |  4 Pages School uniforms: a debate that has been tossed back and forth for years now. The percentage of schools that necessitate uniforms and the percentage of the ones that do not are approximately equal. This conveys a dispute that is difficult to find a definite solution for, due to the ambiguous negatives and positives being drawn between both arguments. Uniforms being a part of school systems became widespread first after Long Beach, California implemented them into their elementary and middle schoolsRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of School Uniforms791 Words   |  4 Pageshave the school uniform policy (research conducted in 2017). This means that one-fifth of the country’s students who are in school are not allowed to wear their own clothes. The statistics indicate that a majority of the United States disapprove of school uniforms since the percentage remains low. The topic about school uniforms has created two sides of the issue. Some believe that students should wear school uniforms to provide an equal learning environment. Those who oppose school uniforms believeRead MorePros, Cons, And Solutions Of The School Uniforms752 Words   |  4 PagesPros, Cons, and Solutions of The school Uniforms Individuality or uniformity, which one will you choose? The school uniforms are specific clothing students are forced to wear in an attempt to fix school related problems. They are quite controversial because they do fix some problems, but they also restrict students freedom of expression. School uniforms were first enforced in the 1980’s as an attempt to fix academic and behavioral problems. There are both positives and negatives of school uniformsRead MorePros And Cons Of School Uniforms819 Words   |  4 Pagesbe desired in schools with no school uniform. Being there is a major ethical appeal to introducing school uniforms to schools nationally. An advocate for school uniforms, Hillary Clinton, â€Å"as a way to help students focus on learning: ... Puts the focus on school, not on what youre wearing (Mike Wilson). When everyone is wearing school uniforms, equality would become more than a desired idea or way of life. It would become a reality. Visually accessible to an yone. School uniforms will reduce the